CURRENT AFFAIRS

Detailed explanation-1: -Many different cells are involved in the abnormal immune response seen in MS. Two important types of immune cells are T cells and B cells. T cells become activated in the lymph system and in MS, enter the CNS through blood vessels. Once in the CNS, T cells release chemicals that cause inflammation and damage.

Detailed explanation-2: -Multiple sclerosis is an immune-mediated disease. This means that an abnormal response of the body’s immune system causes the disease. In this case, the immune system attacks the central nervous system (CNS) by mistake. The CNS is made up of the brain, spinal cord and optic nerves.

Detailed explanation-3: -Multiple sclerosis is a disorder in which the body’s immune system attacks the protective covering of the nerve cells in the brain, optic nerve and spinal cord, called the myelin sheath. And this sheath is often compared to the insulation on an electrical wire.

Detailed explanation-4: -Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disease in which axonal loss is the major cause of irreversible neurological disability. Neurological deficits in MS patients are related to inflammatory demyelination and axonal degeneration.