2017
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2018
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2019
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2020
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2032
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Detailed explanation-1: -January 2011. Indian Railways have decided that all coaches to be fitted with Bio-toilets by 2020-2021.
Detailed explanation-2: -Indian Railways has started to introduce bio-vacuum technology superficially used in aircrafts. Railways have installed the first such toilet in the Kalka-Shatabdi Express.
Detailed explanation-3: -Bio-toilets have been invented jointly by the Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO) and Indian Railways.
Detailed explanation-4: -Adopting the ‘anaerobic bacteria’ the first of its kind in railway systems in the world the Indian Railway (IR) has installed the bio-toilets in 79, 269 passnger coaches during 2021-22, which prevent fall of nearly 2, 74, 000 litres human excreta on tracks every day.
Detailed explanation-5: -The new bio-vacuum-toilets are dry toilets that treat human waste by a biological process called composting. They decompose human excretory waste in the digester tank converting it into methane gas, carbon dioxide, and water.