CURRENT AFFAIRS

Detailed explanation-1: -The standard is a pooled sample of plasma from four donors who have COVID-19 antibodies. Researchers who use the standard can start to compare people’s antibody levels across different studies, even if they’re using different antibody tests.

Detailed explanation-2: -A new study, published this month in Cell Reports, demonstrated that a class of antibody, called IgM, is critical in neutralizing SARS-CoV-2. The researchers identified that IgM was present in the blood of patients previously infected with the virus that causes COVID-19.

Detailed explanation-3: -The discovery of antibodies can be traced to von Behring and Kitasato, who in 1890 published the landmark finding that transfer of serum from animals that had been immunized to diphtheria to animals infected with diphtheria altered the course of the disease.

Detailed explanation-4: -Monoclonal Antibodies to Treat Mild-to-Moderate COVID-19 ACTEMRA® (tocilizumab) (EUA issued June, 24 2021, latest update December 21, 2022).

Detailed explanation-5: -The invention of monoclonal antibody (mAb) technology provided scientists with a tool to pursue that dream. In 1975, researchers César Milstein and Georges Köhler, working at the Laboratory for Molecular Biology in England, developed a technique for creating cells that could pump out streams of identical antibodies.