CURRENT AFFAIRS

Detailed explanation-1: -Ashok Chakra : Ashok Chakra is the highest peacetime gallantry award followed by Kirti Chakra and Shaurya Chakra. It is awarded for valour, courageous action, or self-sacrifice away from the battlefield.

Detailed explanation-2: -Peacetime awards These awards were instituted on 4 January 1952. These awards were renamed on 27 January 1967 as Ashoka Chakra, Kirti Chakra and Shaurya Chakra from Ashoka Chakra (Class I), Ashoka Chakra (Class II) and Ashoka Chakra (Class III) respectively.

Detailed explanation-3: -The Param Vir Chakra (PVC) is India’s highest military decoration, awarded for displaying distinguished acts of valour during wartime. On 26 January 1950, celebrated as Republic Day of India, the PVC was instituted as a Gallantry Medal with retrospective effect from 15 August 1947 by Dr.

Detailed explanation-4: -The Government of India instituted two civilian awards-Bharat Ratna & Padma Vibhushan in 1954. The latter had three classes namely Pahela Varg, Dusra Varg and Tisra Varg. These were subsequently renamed as Padma Vibhushan, Padma Bhushan and Padma Shri vide Presidential Notification issued on January 8, 1955.

Detailed explanation-5: -The Vir Chakra (VrC) is the third-highest military award in India and is awarded for acts of conspicuous gallantry in the presence of the enemy, whether on land, at sea or in the air.