CURRENT AFFAIRS

Detailed explanation-1: -Internet shutdowns are state-enforced disruptions of internet access aimed at controlling the flow of information.

Detailed explanation-2: -The 2017 Rules provide for temporary shutdown of telecom services in a region on grounds of public emergency (up to 15 days at once). The 1885 Act empowers the central government to regulate various types of telecom services including internet services and grant licenses for them.

Detailed explanation-3: -The government justification v actual reason behind the rise of internet shutdown in India: 2016-22. The government uses blanket terms like public safety, precautionary measures, national security to deploy internet shutdown. However, the reasons could also be political instability and protests in the region.

Detailed explanation-4: -Provisions regarding internet shutdowns in India Indian telegraph act 1885: section 7 of the aforementioned act has been amended to include temporary suspension of telecom services (public emergency and public safety) rules. As per the rules, only the home secretary of the union or the state can issue such an order.