CURRENT AFFAIRS

Detailed explanation-1: -Infection is mainly through inhalation or ingestion of the bacteria. Contaminated food and water can also be a source of infection. Bovine TB is transmitted between cattle, between badgers, and between the two species.

Detailed explanation-2: -Bovine tuberculosis (bovine Tb) is a disease found in mammals caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis). In North America, bovine Tb is most commonly found in domestic cattle and captive and wild cervids (white-tailed deer, elk, etc.)

Detailed explanation-3: -Australia is currently the only major exporter of livestock that has successfully eradicated bovine tuberculosis. Many other countries have reduced the TB prevalence of infected herds, but reservoirs of tuberculosis in wild-living animals appear to have prevented total eradication.

Detailed explanation-4: -As early as 1885, there was substantial evidence of the infectiousness of milk from tuberculous cows. Cornell’s James Law identified bovine tuberculosis as the most important zoonotic disease of the time [23].