CURRENT AFFAIRS

Detailed explanation-1: -During the second commitment period, Parties committed to reduce GHG emissions by at least 18 percent below 1990 levels in the eight-year period from 2013 to 2020; however, the composition of Parties in the second commitment period is different from the first.

Detailed explanation-2: -Nations in the developing world are not bound by targets in the Kyoto Protocol. Some of these nations, such as China and Brazil, support industrial economies. Some developed nations, including the U.S., Canada, and Russia, have not agreed to emissions targets.

Detailed explanation-3: -The Kyoto Protocol was adopted in Kyoto, Japan, in December 1997 and entered into force in February 2005. India signed the Kyoto Protocol on 26 August 2002.

Detailed explanation-4: -Currently, there are 192 Parties (191 States and 1 regional economic integration organization) to the Kyoto Protocol to the UNFCCC.