CURRENT AFFAIRS

Detailed explanation-1: -Scientists at Washington University in St. Louis and the University of Hawaii discovered a potential candidate for drug development from one such microbe, the soil bacterium known as Lentzea flaviverrucosa. They reported their findings in a study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

Detailed explanation-2: -Most antibiotic compounds originate from soil microbes. Researchers have discovered solanimycin, a new antifungal antibiotic. Solanimycin is produced by a range of plant pathogenic bacteria. Solanimycin and related compounds may help treat human and plant pathogenic fungi.

Detailed explanation-3: -They are produced in nature by soil bacteria and fungi. This gives the microbe an advantage when competing for food and water and other limited resources in a particular habitat, as the antibiotic kills off their competition.

Detailed explanation-4: -Teixobactin is the first novel antibiotic with drug potential isolated from bacteria in decades.

Detailed explanation-5: -The bacterial genera Bacillus and Streptomyces along with the fungal genera Penicilium and Cephalosporium are commonly found in soil. The genus Streptomyces are the most prolific antibiotic producers and, although bacteria, are a unique subgroup of bacteria called the Actinomycetes.