CURRENT AFFAIRS

Detailed explanation-1: -In 1948, the water rights of the river system were the focus of an Indo-Pakistani water dispute. Since the ratification of the treaty in 1960, India and Pakistan have not engaged in any water wars, despite engaging in several military conflicts.

Detailed explanation-2: -The water system was thus bifurcated, with the headworks in India and the canals running through Pakistan. After the expiration of the short-term Standstill Agreement of 1947, on April 1, 1948, India began withholding water from canals that flowed into Pakistan.

Detailed explanation-3: -The Treaty was signed at Karachi by Field Marshal Mohammad Ayub Khan, the then President of Pakistan, Shri Jawaharlal Nehru, the then Indian Prime Minister and Mr. W.A.B. Illif of the World Bank on 19th September, 1960.

Detailed explanation-4: -India and Pakistan signed the Indus Water Treaty in 1960 with the World Bank as an additional signatory. The pact sought to divide the water of the Indus river and its tributaries equitably among the two countries.

Detailed explanation-5: -Water tensions have been key areas of dispute for India-Pakistan and India-Bangladesh for decades; they also complicate matters with Nepal and loom as a potential problem with China. In surveying these complex concerns, Ramaswamy R.