CURRENT AFFAIRS

Detailed explanation-1: -The enzyme, named LdtF, plays a vital role in the formation of covalent linkages between the bacterial outer membrane and an inner polymer layer that protects bacteria from environmental stress, the CCMB team has found.

Detailed explanation-2: -Lysozyme is an enzyme that cleaves peptidoglycan in bacterial cell walls by catalyzing the hydrolysis of -(1,4) linkages between the NAM and NAG saccharides (Fig.

Detailed explanation-3: -Lysozyme inactivates bacteria via hydrolysis of glucosidic linkages in the peptidoglycan of cell walls. Specifically, lysozyme hydrolyses -1,4 linkages between N-acetylmuramic acid and 2-acetyl-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucose residues in bacterial cell walls, resulting in cell lysis (Shah, 2000).

Detailed explanation-4: -Lysozyme is a naturally occurring enzyme found in bodily secretions such as tears, saliva, and milk. It functions as an antimicrobial agent by cleaving the peptidoglycan component of bacterial cell walls, which leads to cell death.

Detailed explanation-5: -Lysozyme degrades peptidoglycan in the bacterial cell wall leading to rapid killing of Gram-positive organisms; however, this mechanism cannot account for the protective effect of lysozyme against Gram-negative bacteria.