CURRENT AFFAIRS

Detailed explanation-1: -In the Indian context, Mumbai was the first city to exemplify nodal development along a suburban rail network. All Indian cities due to their existing densities and recent public transportation investments now provide the ripe circumstances to scale this land-use-transportation integration model across India.

Detailed explanation-2: -Peter Calthorpe codified the concept of Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) in the late 1980’s and, while others had promoted similar concepts and contributed to the design, TOD became a fixture of modern planning when Calthorpe published “The New American Metropolis” in 1993.

Detailed explanation-3: -TOD increases the accessibility of the transit stations by creating pedestrian and Non-Motorised Transport (NMT) friendly infrastructure that benefits large number of people, thereby increasing the ridership of the transit facility and improving the economic and financial viability of the system.

Detailed explanation-4: -Delhi : Transportation and Regional Transformation Post the metro investments, the development pattern in Delhi exemplifies development oriented transit (transit following development in Gurgaon, Noida etc) or transit adjacent development (existing neighbourhoods within the city benefitting from Metro options).

Detailed explanation-5: -Transit-oriented development (TOD) is a planning and design strategy that consists in promoting urban development that is compact, mixed-use, pedestrian- and bicycle-friendly, and closely integrated with mass transit by clustering jobs, housing, services, and amenities around public transport stations.