CURRENT AFFAIRS

Detailed explanation-1: -The new beryllium-7 trans-equatorial method as introduced here offers a simple and useful mechanism to predict seasonal weather such as the formation of monsoons triggered by HFCZ progression28. The method allows longer forecast lead times and improved accuracy compared with traditional methods currently utilized.

Detailed explanation-2: -There is considerable observational and modeling evidence that the Indian summer monsoon (ISM) is governed largely by coupled ocean-atmosphere processes. For example, ENSO is a major driver for ISM and as ENSO is clearly a coupled phenomenon, a coupled ocean-atmosphere GCM is crucial for monsoon prediction.

Detailed explanation-3: -Noted Scientist Vasant Gowariker is known as the Father of the Indian Monsoon Model.

Detailed explanation-4: -Quantitatively, the rainfall over the country as a whole for the month of July 2022 had been 327.7 mm, which is 17% more than its LPA of 280.5 mm. This year’s July rainfall (327.7 mm) is second highest since 2001 after the year 2005 (333.4 mm).

Detailed explanation-5: -The strength of the Southern Oscillation is measured by the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI). The SOI is computed from fluctuations in the surface air pressure difference between Tahiti (Over Pacific Ocean) and Darwin, (Indian Ocean near Australia).