DENDROLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -An endosperm formed in sexual reproduction between diploid parents is typically triploid, with a 2 : 1 ratio of maternal genetic material (denoted as 2m : 1p). Variation from this ratio affects endosperm size, indicating parent-specific expression of genes involved in endosperm growth and development.

Detailed explanation-2: -The endosperm of gymnosperms is haploid. It is a pre-fertilization tissue and is equivalent to female gametophyte, hence it is haploid in nature but in angiosperms it is post-fertilization tissue and is generally triploid in nature.

Detailed explanation-3: -The angiospermic endosperm, except in special cases, is a triploid (3n) tissue as it is a product of triple fusion involving double fertilization.

Detailed explanation-4: -Gymnosperms have a haploid endosperm and angiosperms have a triploid endosperm.