DENDROLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Gymnosperm means “naked seeds". They are called this because their seeds are open to the air with no covering such as the seeds of flowering plants. One of the major groups of gymnosperm plants is the conifer. The word “conifers” means “bearing cones.” Conifers are plants that use cones to house their seeds.

Detailed explanation-2: -The non-flowering plants that do have vascular tissue may be grouped into: Club mosses or lycophytes are herbaceous vascular plants that reproduce by spores that could stay in the soil for years before growing. Horsetails or Equisitem are considered living fossils because most of its co-species are already extinct.

Detailed explanation-3: -Gymnosperms. The term gymnosperm (“naked seeds”) represents four extant divisions of vascular plants whose ovules (seeds) are exposed on the surface of cone scales. The cone-bearing gymnosperms are among the largest and oldest living organisms in the world.

Detailed explanation-4: -There are two groups of seed producers: cone-bearing plants and flowering plants. They are vascular plants.