DENDROLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The pioneer species in secondary succession are plants such as grasses, birch trees, and fireweed.

Detailed explanation-2: -The order of secondary succession is pioneer species, intermediate species, and finally climax community. The pioneer species are the first to colonize and include the producers like lichens and mosses. The intermediate species appear next and include shrubby plants and small trees.

Detailed explanation-3: -Fungi and lichen are the most common pioneer species in primary succession because they have the ability to break down minerals to form soil and subsequently develop organic matter. Once pioneer species colonize the area and start to build soil, other species like grasses begin to move in.