DENDROLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -By depicting these relationships, cladograms reconstruct the evolutionary history (phylogeny) of the taxa. Cladograms can also be called “phylogenies” or “trees”. Cladograms are constructed by grouping organisms together based on their shared derived characteristics.

Detailed explanation-2: -Cladograms reconstruct evolutionary history by grouping organisms based on shared, morphological characteristics. Organisms are arranged in such a way that each clade shares common traits or characteristics not shared with other clades that are monophyletic because they are only composed of a specific type of organism.

Detailed explanation-3: -A cladogram is an evolutionary tree that diagrams the ancestral relationships among organisms. In the past, cladograms were drawn based on similarities in phenotypes or physical traits among organisms. Today, similarities in DNA sequences among organisms can also be used to draw cladograms.