DENDROLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Ferns generally reproduce by producing spores. Similar to flowering plants, ferns have roots, stems and leaves. However, unlike flowering plants, ferns do not have flowers or seeds; instead, they usually reproduce sexually by tiny spores or sometimes can reproduce vegetatively, as exemplified by the walking fern.

Detailed explanation-2: -Ferns. Ferns belong to an ancient group of plants that developed before flowering plants, and they do not produce flowers and therefore do not produce seed.

Detailed explanation-3: -Ferns reproduce by producing tiny spores, which may effectively be considered as acting like seeds, at least as dispersal units. Their spores are produced in tiny structures called sporangia, and these sporangia are clustered into little patches, each one called a sorus.

Detailed explanation-4: -Spores are tiny structures that contain the genetic material needed to grow a new fern.