DENDROLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -In higher plants and green algae, thylakoids are differentiated into two distinct morphological domains: cylindrical stacked structures, called grana, and unstacked membrane regions, called stroma lamellae, which interconnect the grana.

Detailed explanation-2: -Stromal lamellae are extensions that pass from one granum through the stroma and into another. They connect with grana. Grana lamellae are located inside the grana region and are found between the grana.

Detailed explanation-3: -Stroma lamellae connect thylakoids of two different grana. They increase the efficiency of photosynthesis by keeping grana at a distance so that they do not clutter together. They are also known as stroma thylakoids. They ensure that maximum energy from sunlight is captured in photosynthesis.

Detailed explanation-4: -A thylakoid or lamellae is a membrane-bound compartment inside chloroplasts. It consists of a thylakoid membrane surrounding a thylakoid lumen. It forms the stacks of disks referred to as grana and its single functional compartment is called as granum. It is the site for the light reaction in photosynthesis.