DENDROLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Carbon dioxide and oxygen cannot pass through the cuticle, but move in and out of leaves through openings called stomata (stoma = “hole"). Guard cells control the opening and closing of stomata. When stomata are open to allow gases to cross the leaf surface, the plant loses water vapor to the atmosphere.

Detailed explanation-2: -Plants take in carbon dioxide through tiny openings or pores in their leaves called stomata. Special cells in the leaves of plants called guard cells open and close the stomata. Cellular respiration is a process that occurs in the mitochondria of all organisms.

Detailed explanation-3: -Through photosynthesis, they use sunlight and carbon dioxide to make food, belching out the oxygen that we breathe as a byproduct. This evolutionary innovation is so central to plant identity that nearly all land plants use the same pores-called stomata-to take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen.

Detailed explanation-4: -It does this by diffusing through small pores called stomata. At the same time oxygen moves out of the leaf through the stomata. This movement of gases in opposite directions is called gas exchange. Water vapour also diffuses out of the stomata.

Detailed explanation-5: -On the underside of leaves and elsewhere, depending on the plant, are tiny openings called stomata-thousands of them per leaf with variations by plant species. Like little castle gates, pairs of cells on the sides of the stomatal pore-known as guard cells-open their central pore to take in the carbon dioxide.