DENDROLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -In eukaryotes, the ATP synthase complex is located in the inner membrane of mitochondria, with ATP synthesis reaction occurring on the membrane side toward matrix compartment. In plants, the enzyme is in addition localized in the thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts, with the ATP-forming-moiety facing the stroma.

Detailed explanation-2: -Human mitochondrial (mt) ATP synthase, or complex V consists of two functional domains: F1, situated in the mitochondrial matrix, and Fo, located in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Complex V uses the energy created by the proton electrochemical gradient to phosphorylate ADP to ATP.

Detailed explanation-3: -The ATP Synthase The ATP synthases comprise a very large group of highly conserved enzymes that are found in the bacterial cytoplasmic membranes, the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts, and the inner membranes of mitochondria.

Detailed explanation-4: -ATP synthase is located in the membrane of cellular structures called mitochondria; in plant cells, the enzyme also is found in chloroplasts.

Detailed explanation-5: -Mitochondrial and chloroplast ATP synthases are key enzymes in plant metabolism, providing cells with ATP, the universal energy currency. ATP synthases use a transmembrane electrochemical proton gradient to drive synthesis of ATP.