DENDROLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Inside of the inner membrane, the chloroplast has a jelly-like matrix, much like the cytosol of the cell, called the stroma. The stroma surrounds a series of folded membrane-bound structures, thylakoids, that resemble pancakes and are stacked (again, much like pancakes) into columns called grana (granum, singular).

Detailed explanation-2: -The thylakoid membrane envelops a central aqueous region known as the thylakoid lumen. The space between the inner membrane and the thylakoid membrane is filled with stroma, a matrix containing dissolved enzymes, starch granules, and copies of the chloroplast genome.

Detailed explanation-3: -Each chloroplast may contain hundreds or more grana. The thylakoids are surrounded by a gel like material called the stroma.

Detailed explanation-4: -The chloroplasts have internally bound membranes called thylakoids that are arranged in stacks called grana. The thylakoids consist of the photosystems that serve as the site for absorption of sunlight. The surrounding space in the stacked grana is called stroma.