DENDROLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The human mitochondrial (mt) ATP synthase, or complex V (EC 3.6. 3.14) is the 5th multi subunit oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complex. It synthesizes ATP from ADP in the mitochondrial matrix using the energy provided by the proton electrochemical gradient (Capaldi et al.

Detailed explanation-2: -The pathway of cyclic electron flow. Light energy absorbed at photosystem I (PS I) is used for ATP synthesis rather than NADPH synthesis.

Detailed explanation-3: -The chloroplast ATP synthase is confined to minimally curved regions at the grana end membranes and stroma lamellae, where it covers 20% of the surface area. In total, 85% of the ATP synthases are monomers and the remainder form random assemblies of two or more copies.

Detailed explanation-4: -The enzyme ATP synthase catalyses the storage of energy in ATP, which is generated by combining ADP with inorganic phosphate. It arises as a result of photosynthesis. It is an enzyme involved, not a photosystem structure.