DENDROLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -To replace the electron in the chlorophyll, a molecule of water is split. This splitting releases an electron and results in the formation of oxygen (O2) and hydrogen ions (H+) in the thylakoid space.

Detailed explanation-2: -Oxygen gas diffuses from the organism as a waste product. Therefore, it is necessary to split water molecules to create hydrogen, electrons, and oxygen which are further used in ATP formation.

Detailed explanation-3: -Answer and Explanation: The primary purpose of splitting water in the light dependent reactions of photosynthesis is to produce electrons for the electron transport chain.

Detailed explanation-4: -Photolysis is the process of breaking water molecules using the energy provided by light. The molecule photosystem II, on the surface of the thylakoid membrane, traps light energy and energizes electrons causing water to be split into its individual hydrogens and oxygen.

Detailed explanation-5: -Water is used to provide hydrogen ions and electrons but also produces oxygen. The electrons and protons are used to produce NADPH (the reduced form of nicotine adenine dinucleotide phosphoric acid) and ATP (adenosine triphosphate). ATP and NADPH are energy storage and electron carrier/donor molecule.