DENDROLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Unlike the light reactions, which take place in the thylakoid membrane, the reactions of the Calvin cycle take place in the stroma (the inner space of chloroplasts).

Detailed explanation-2: -Within the Chloroplast Stroma, the Calvin cycle takes place. Option (c) Chloroplast Stroma is the correct response.

Detailed explanation-3: -What is stroma in a chloroplast? Stroma is the fluid-filled internal space of the chloroplasts which encircle the grana and the thylakoids. It contains chloroplast DNA, starch and ribosomes along with enzymes needed for the Calvin cycle.

Detailed explanation-4: -The carbon-fixation reactions, which begin in the chloroplast stroma and continue in the cytosol, produce sucrose and many other organic molecules in the leaves of the plant.

Detailed explanation-5: -The Calvin cycle, Calvin-Benson cycle, or Calvin-Benson-Bassham cycle (CBB-cycle) takes place in the stroma of plant chloroplasts. It entails a series of reactions during which carbon dioxide is reduced and sugar precursors are formed, using the chemical energy (ATP and NADPH) captured by the light reactions.