DENDROLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The word “melanin” refers to a group of high molecular weight, black, and brown pigments formed through the oxidation and polymerization of phenolic compounds. This pigment is present in all kingdoms of living organisms, but it remains the most enigmatic pigment in plants.

Detailed explanation-2: -So, the correct answer is ‘ Anthocyanin’.

Detailed explanation-3: -Silica, or silicon dioxide, occurs as crystalline Quartz in its purest form. Although silica is not commonly used as a pigment, it can be found in grounds, primers, and wood fillers. Silica is a mineral that is used in the production of glass, water glass, abrasives, ceramics, and enamelware.

Detailed explanation-4: -Plant pigments are classified into four main categories: chlorophylls, anthocyanins, carotenoids, and betalains.