DENDROLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Answer and Explanation: The location within the chloroplast that has the highest concentration of protons is the thylakoid space or thylakoid lumen.

Detailed explanation-2: -A large number of H+ ions accumulate in the thylakoid space as a result of photolysis and electron transport. This creates a concentration gradient across the thylakoid membrane. – The thylakoid space has more Hydrogen than the stroma.

Detailed explanation-3: -In plants, chloroplasts are concentrated particularly in the parenchyma cells of the leaf mesophyll (the internal cell layers of a leaf).

Detailed explanation-4: -Note that a high concentration of protons = an acidic pH, so the thylakoid lumen has a much more acidic (lower) pH than the stroma.

Detailed explanation-5: -The arrangement inside the chloroplast that allows for a large surface area for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis to occur involves the thylakoids of the chloroplast.