DENDROLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Figure 3 shows stomata on the upper and lower surface of water hyacinth leaf. Based on table 1, it shows that on the 4th test, the smaller the leaf surface area, the less the number of stomata, which then influences the lower rate of transpiration.

Detailed explanation-2: -Leaves shrink to thorns: When the leaves shrink to thorns, the surface area is reduced for transpiration. This reduces the water loss. Decrease in the number of stomata: It is understood that the number of stomata is directly proportional to the transpiration rate.

Detailed explanation-3: -Cell structures involved in carbon dioxide exchange, called stomates or stomata, exist in proportion to a leaf’s surface area. Water also evaporates, or transpires, through the many stomata on the leaf surface. As such, the rate of transpiration is directly related to the surface area.

Detailed explanation-4: -Boundary layers increase as leaf size increases, reducing rates of transpiration as well. For example, plants from desert climates often have small leaves so that their small boundary layers will help cool the leaf with higher rates of transpiration.