DENDROLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Stomatal guard cells play a key role in the ability of plants to survive on dry land, because their movements regulate the exchange of gases and water vapor between the external environment and the interior of the plant.

Detailed explanation-2: -Guard cells are pairs of epidermal cells that control gas diffusion by regulating the opening and closure of stomatal pores.

Detailed explanation-3: -Guard cells use osmotic pressure to open and close stomata, allowing plants to regulate the amount of water and solutes within them. In order for plants to produce energy and maintain cellular function, their cells undergo the highly intricate process of photosynthesis .

Detailed explanation-4: -Guard cells are adapted to their function by allowing gas exchange and controlling water loss within the leaf. The size of the stomatal opening is used by the plant to control the rate of transpiration and therefore limit the levels of water loss from the leaf.

Detailed explanation-5: -Guard cells can increase or decrease the size of the pore via changes in their turgor status, hence regulating both CO2 entry into the leaf and transpiration, or the loss of water from the leaf.