DENDROLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -When soaked in water, the seeds swell up due to imbibition and endosmosis. During these two processes water enters the cell. Due to endosmosis, at some point, the seed coat is unable to bear the turgor pressure and hence, the seed coat bursts.

Detailed explanation-2: -A seed obtains water from the environment, swells and consequently the seed coat ruptures allowing the elongating radicle to come out and form the root system.

Detailed explanation-3: -When a seed is exposed to the proper conditions, water and oxygen are taken in through the seed coat. The embryo’s cells start to enlarge. Then the seed coat breaks open and a root or radicle emerges first, followed by the shoot or plumule that contains the leaves and stem. Many things can cause poor germination.