ECONOMICS (CBSE/UGC NET)

Detailed explanation-1: -Desertification is the degradation process by which a fertile land changes itself into a desert by losing its flora and fauna, this can be caused by drought, deforestation, climate change, human activities or improper agriculture.

Detailed explanation-2: -Deforestation is the cutting down of trees. Desertification is when the soil becomes a desert type of soil. Trees provide nutrients to the soil and when they are cut down, the soil no longer receives the nutrients it needs to live and it will become dry like a desert.

Detailed explanation-3: -’Climatic variations’ and ‘Human activities’ can be regarded as the two main causes of desertification. removal of the natural vegetation coverby taking too much fuel wood, agricultural activities in the vulnerable ecosystems of arid and semi-arid areas, which are thus strained beyond their capacity.

Detailed explanation-4: -Drought, unrestricted agricultural practices and excessive grazing are some causes of desertification. Causes of deforestation include agriculture, construction, urbanization, and mining.

Detailed explanation-5: -Overgrazing is an important reason for desertification. Overgrazing denudes the soil of plant cover. Trampling by cattle decreases soil porosity. The exposed hardened soil undergoes erosion by wind and water.