ECONOMICS (CBSE/UGC NET)

Detailed explanation-1: -Marx and Engels maintained that the poverty, disease, and early death that afflicted the proletariat (the industrial working class) were endemic to capitalism: they were systemic and structural problems that could be resolved only by replacing capitalism with communism.

Detailed explanation-2: -Marx said that capitalists had alienated the worker from the results of his labor, forcing him to become “enslaved by the machine.” This exploitation, argued Marx, would soon bring about a new class struggle that would end with the “violent overthrow” of the bourgeoisie by the proletariat.

Detailed explanation-3: -In 1848, Marx and fellow German thinker Friedrich Engels published “The Communist Manifesto, ” which introduced their concept of socialism as a natural result of the conflicts inherent in the capitalist system.

Detailed explanation-4: -Marx believed that in a capitalist system, society would inevitably divide themselves into two classes – the business owners and the workers. The workers would produce the material goods and conduct all the labor, while the owners would reap all the financial and social benefits.