ECONOMICS (CBSE/UGC NET)

Detailed explanation-1: -Budget deficits occur when expenses exceed revenue and for a nation, they can lead to economic instability, such as inflation. Using fiscal policy to promote economic growth to increase tax revenue and decrease spending can decrease a deficit.

Detailed explanation-2: -Understanding the National Deficit A budget deficit occurs when money going out (spending) exceeds money coming in (revenue) during a defined period. In FY 2022, the federal government spent $6.27 trillion and collected $4.90 trillion in revenue, resulting in a deficit.

Detailed explanation-3: -This gap between income and spending is subsequently closed by government borrowing, increasing the national debt. An increase in the fiscal deficit, in theory, can boost a sluggish economy by giving more money to people who can then buy and invest more.

Detailed explanation-4: -A budget deficit occurs when a government spends more in a given year than it collects in revenues, such as taxes. As a simple example, if a government takes in $10 billion in revenue in a particular year, and its expenditures for the same year are $12 billion, it is running a deficit of $2 billion.

Detailed explanation-5: -For any given year, the federal budget deficit is the amount of money the federal government spends (also known as outlays) minus the amount of money it collects from taxes (also known as revenue). If the government collects more revenue than it spends in a given year, the result is a surplus rather than a deficit.