ECONOMICS (CBSE/UGC NET)

Detailed explanation-1: -Inflation is the general rise in the prices of goods and services in an economy, over a period of time. It reduces the purchasing power of consumers, because each unit of currency can purchase fewer products with an increase in the general price levels.

Detailed explanation-2: -In an inflationary environment, unevenly rising prices inevitably reduce the purchasing power of some consumers, and this erosion of real income is the single biggest cost of inflation. Inflation can also distort purchasing power over time for recipients and payers of fixed interest rates.

Detailed explanation-3: -The impact inflation has on the time value of money is that it decreases the value of a dollar over time. The time value of money is a concept that describes how the money available to you today is worth more than the same amount of money at a future date.

Detailed explanation-4: -Inflation reduces a currency’s purchasing power and what that currency can buy. Loss of purchasing power has the effect of an increase in prices. To measure purchasing power in the traditional economic sense, you could compare the price of a good or service against a price index such as the Consumer Price Index (CPI).

Detailed explanation-5: -The purchasing power of a dollar in 2022 was about 92.6 percent of the purchasing power of a dollar in 2021. This can be calculated by dividing the CPI-U U.S. city average all items annual average index value for 2021 by the CPI-U U.S. city average all items annual average index value for 2022, as shown in table 1.