ECONOMICS (CBSE/UGC NET)

Detailed explanation-1: -A central bank may deploy an expansionist monetary policy to reduce unemployment and boost growth during hard economic times. It usually does so by lowering the interest rates and increasing the money supply to boost more employment opportunities.

Detailed explanation-2: -A contractionary policy attempts to slow the economy by reducing the money supply and fending off inflation. An expansionary policy is an effort that central banks use to stimulate an economy by boosting demand through monetary and fiscal stimulus.

Detailed explanation-3: -This so-called quantitative easing increases the size of the central bank’s balance sheet and injects new cash into the economy. Banks get additional reserves (the deposits they maintain at the central bank) and the money supply grows.

Detailed explanation-4: -Contractionary monetary policy is when a central bank uses its monetary policy tools to fight inflation. It’s how the bank slows economic growth. Inflation is a sign of an overheated economy. It’s also called a restrictive monetary policy because it restricts liquidity.

Detailed explanation-5: -A monetary policy that lowers interest rates and stimulates borrowing is known as an expansionary monetary policy or loose monetary policy. Conversely, a monetary policy that raises interest rates and reduces borrowing in the economy is a contractionary monetary policy or tight monetary policy.