ECONOMICS (CBSE/UGC NET)

Detailed explanation-1: -The marginal revenue is the additional revenue added by increasing the quantity. This is also known as the additional revenue “at the margin.” Therefore, profit is maximized when marginal cost equals marginal revenue which is the same as saying when marginal profit equals zero.

Detailed explanation-2: -Maximum profit is the level of output where MC equals MR. When the production level reaches a point that cost of producing an additional unit of output (MC) exceeds the revenue from the unit of output (MR), producing the additional unit of output reduces profit. Thus, the firm will not produce that unit.

Detailed explanation-3: -The profit maximized where marginal revenue is equal to marginal cost because when MR is more than MC, the firms produce more as they can earn more profit, and when MR is less than MC, the firms produce less as they can incur losses. Thus, profit maximization level is where both these are equal.

Detailed explanation-4: -A firm’s total profit is maximized by producing the level of output at which marginal revenue for the last unit produced equals its marginal cost, or MR = MC. In a perfectly competitive market, MR is equal to the market price P for all levels of output.

Detailed explanation-5: -The profit maximization formula depends on profit = Total revenue – Total cost. Therefore, a firm maximizes profit when MR = MC, which is the first order, and the second order depends on the first order. This concept differs from wealth maximization in terms of duration for earning profit and the firm’s goals.