ECONOMICS (CBSE/UGC NET)

Detailed explanation-1: -A country that imports more goods and services than it exports in terms of value has a trade deficit or a negative trade balance. Conversely, a country that exports more goods and services than it imports has a trade surplus or a positive trade balance.

Detailed explanation-2: -If imports exceed exports, the country or area has a trade deficit and its trade balance is said to be negative. However, the words ‘positive’ and ‘negative’ have only a numerical meaning and do not necessarily reflect whether the economy of a country or area is performing well or not.

Detailed explanation-3: -A country has a trade deficit when the value of its imports exceeds the value of its exports. The impacts of trade deficits are frequently over-simplified. Trade deficits can be damaging but they also bring welcome economic benefits.

Detailed explanation-4: -A trade deficit occurs when a nation imports more than it exports. For instance, in 2018 the United States exported $2.500 trillion in goods and services while it imported $3.121 trillion, leaving a trade deficit of $621 billion.

Detailed explanation-5: -A trade surplus is an economic measure of a positive balance of trade, where a country’s exports exceed its imports. It is the opposite of a trade deficit.