EVERYDAY SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -Nucleic acids are the main information-carrying molecules of the cell, and, by directing the process of protein synthesis, they determine the inherited characteristics of every living thing. The two main classes of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA).

Detailed explanation-2: -Nucleic acids, macromolecules made out of units called nucleotides, come in two naturally occurring varieties: deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA).

Detailed explanation-3: -Ribonucleic acid (abbreviated RNA) is a nucleic acid present in all living cells that has structural similarities to DNA. Unlike DNA, however, RNA is most often single-stranded. An RNA molecule has a backbone made of alternating phosphate groups and the sugar ribose, rather than the deoxyribose found in DNA.

Detailed explanation-4: -Now, let’s revisit your original question. Why is DNA called a nucleic “acid” when it also has a basic component (nitrogenous bases)? The most straightforward answer is that the phosphate group-with its negative charge and exposure to the outside environment-plays a leading role in DNA structure.

Detailed explanation-5: -DNA and RNA are both types of nucleic acids, large molecules that are made up of monomers called nucleotides.