SCIENCE
BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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Catch crops
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Crop rotation
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Farmyard Manure (FYM)/straw/
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Min til or reduced tillage
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Return soil to permanent pasture
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Detailed explanation-1: -Growing cover crops is one of the best practices for improving organic matter levels and, hence, soil quality.
Detailed explanation-2: -These include fallowing, using compost, manure, crop residues, fertilizer trees (e.g Calliandra and Pygeum africana), intercropping legumes with cereals and including the principles of conservation agriculture (crop rotation, ensuring permanent cover for the soil and no disturbing of the top soil layer).
Detailed explanation-3: -CHEMICAL: Soil organic matter significantly improves the soil’s capacity to store and supply essential nutrients (such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium), and to retain toxic elements. It allows the soil to cope with changes in soil acidity, and helps soil minerals to decompose faster.
Detailed explanation-4: -Grow perennial pasture. A period under perennial, grass-dominant pasture is an effective way of increasing organic matter in farm soils. Grow cereal crops. Grow green manure crops. Spread manure. Use organic fertilisers. Keep cultivation to a minimum. Concentrate organic matter.