EVERYDAY SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -Stomata are the specialized pores or openings present in the epidermis of plant cells, which play a crucial role in gaseous exchange during the process of photosynthesis.

Detailed explanation-2: -Carbon dioxide and oxygen cannot pass through the cuticle, but move in and out of leaves through openings called stomata (stoma = “hole"). Guard cells control the opening and closing of stomata. When stomata are open to allow gases to cross the leaf surface, the plant loses water vapor to the atmosphere.

Detailed explanation-3: -In plants, the exchange of gases takes place through stomata. Each of the stomata is surrounded by two guard cells, and these cells contain chloroplasts. A respiratory opening is found under each stoma, and the process of opening and closing of stomata depends on the presence of sugar and starch in the guard cells.

Detailed explanation-4: -Stomata are pores on the surfaces of leaves that function as bio-mechanical valves which control gas exchange in plants (Raven et al., 2005). Each stoma is bordered by a pair of curved, tubular guard cells (see Figure 1) that work together to control stomatal opening and closing.

Detailed explanation-5: -They are pores surrounded by specialized parenchymatic cells, called guard cells. Stomata have two main functions, namely they allow for gas exchange acting as an entryway for carbon dioxide (CO2) and releasing the Oxygen (O2) that we breath. The other main function is regulating water movement through transpiration.