EVERYDAY SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -Biological or microphytic soil crusts consist of a combination of nonvascular plants (also known as cryptogams; these include cyanobacteria, mosses, lichens, liverworts, and green algae).

Detailed explanation-2: -Examples of nonvascular seedless plants include mosses, liverworts and . Nonvascular plants lack seeds and vascular tissue. Nonvascular plants include the mosses, the hornworts, and the liverworts.

Detailed explanation-3: -Mosses, liverworts and hornworts are collectively called “bryophytes.” Bryophytes are nonvascular plants: They do not have special tissues-tissues that botanists call “xylem” and “phloem”-to transport fluids and nutrients internally.

Detailed explanation-4: -Non vascular plants typically are small plants circumscribed in size as a result of poor transportation means of gases, water and other compounds. Vascular system is absent in non-vascular plants. A few algae, liverworts, hornworts and mosses are nonvascular plants.