EVERYDAY SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -The Theca is the capsule ‘s primary fertile area. The capsule wall, spore sac and central columella are multilayered. The spore sac is typically present all around the columella, which is attached via external and internal trabeculae to the capsule wall on the outer side and to the columella on the inner side.

Detailed explanation-2: -Solution : (a) Capsule (the body containing spores) of Funaria is differentated into-operculum (cap shaped 2-3 layered thick lid on theh top), theca (middle fertile part) and apophysis (sterile, solid basal portion of the capsule having chlloroplasts).

Detailed explanation-3: -Theca is the spore consisting area found between an apophasis and its operculum. The epidermis has a simple layer of cells with stomata, whereas the hypodermis has many layers of cells. Spongy parenchyma cells contain chlorophyll and may undertake photosynthesis.

Detailed explanation-4: -The longitudinal section of the capsule of Funaria shows three distinct regions Apophysis, Theca, Operculum. Apophysis: It is a sterile solid basal portion of the capsule having chloroplast and present at the lower part of the capsule.-The stomata have single rings like guard cells.

Detailed explanation-5: -Apophysis is the solid, somewhat swollen basal, green photosynthetic portion of the capsule. It is sterile in nature. It also helps in conduction of water and food materials. It gradually narrows down into seta; hence it is also called as the neck of the capsule.