EVERYDAY SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -They help to regulate the rate of transpiration by opening and closing the stomata. Light is the main trigger for the opening or closing. Each guard cell has a relatively thick cuticle on the pore-side and a thin one opposite it.

Detailed explanation-2: -Guard cells are pairs of epidermal cells that control gas diffusion by regulating the opening and closure of stomatal pores. Guard cells, like other types of plant cells, are surrounded by a three-dimensional, extracellular network of polysaccharide-based wall polymers.

Detailed explanation-3: -Guard cells use osmotic pressure to open and close stomata, allowing plants to regulate the amount of water and solutes within them. In order for plants to produce energy and maintain cellular function, their cells undergo the highly intricate process of photosynthesis .

Detailed explanation-4: -Guard cells are adapted to their function by allowing gas exchange and controlling water loss within the leaf. The size of the stomatal opening is used by the plant to control the rate of transpiration and therefore limit the levels of water loss from the leaf. This helps to stop the plant from wilting .

Detailed explanation-5: -Stomata opening and closure Guard cells can take in sugars, potassium, and chloride ions. The increase of solutes induces the entry of water across the guard cells membrane. As the water goes in the volume of cells starts to increase, promoting stomata opening.