EVERYDAY SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -stomate, also called stoma, plural stomata or stomas, any of the microscopic openings or pores in the epidermis of leaves and young stems.

Detailed explanation-2: -Carbon dioxide and oxygen cannot pass through the cuticle, but move in and out of leaves through openings called stomata (stoma = “hole"). Guard cells control the opening and closing of stomata. When stomata are open to allow gases to cross the leaf surface, the plant loses water vapor to the atmosphere.

Detailed explanation-3: -Stomata are pores on the surfaces of leaves that function as bio-mechanical valves which control gas exchange in plants (Raven et al., 2005). Each stoma is bordered by a pair of curved, tubular guard cells (see Figure 1) that work together to control stomatal opening and closing.

Detailed explanation-4: -Regulation of transpiration is achieved primarily through the opening and closing of stomata on the leaf surface. Stomata are surrounded by two specialized cells called guard cells (Figure 17.1. 2.2. 1).