EVERYDAY SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -Khorana also synthesized specific polyribonucleotides, proving that an RNA intermediary is involved in translating DNA into protein. For this work, Khorana was awarded the 1968 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, along with Robert W. Holley and Nirenberg.

Detailed explanation-2: -Khorana was the first scientist to chemically synthesize oligonucleotides. This achievement, in the 1970s, was also the world’s first synthetic gene; in later years, the process has become widespread. Subsequent scientists referred to his research while advancing genome editing with the CRISPR/Cas9 system.

Detailed explanation-3: -In 1961, Khorana synthesized Coenzyme A, a factor needed for the activity of certain key metabolic enzymes . In 1955, Khorana learned about Severo Ochoa’s discovery of the enzyme polynucleotide phosphorylase and met Arthur Kornberg, who described pioneering research on the enzymatic synthesis of DNA .

Detailed explanation-4: –Later Khorana developed a method for chemical synthesis of RNA with known combinations of bases in a template-independent manner. The first of these nucleic acids was made up of a repeating sequence of the two bases-U and C, which, after translation, gave an amino acid chain made up of serine and leucine.