EVERYDAY SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -Researchers have discovered stem cells in amniotic fluid as well as umbilical cord blood. These stem cells have the ability to change into specialized cells. Amniotic fluid fills the sac that surrounds and protects a developing fetus in the uterus.

Detailed explanation-2: -Stem cells in animals Some locations in the adult body, such as the lower layers of the skin and small intestine, still contain populations of stem cells. These cells can divide to produce a limited range of specialised cell types to replace cells that have been damaged.

Detailed explanation-3: -Stem cells are special cells produced by bone marrow (a spongy tissue found in the centre of some bones) that can turn into different types of blood cells. The 3 main types of blood cell they can become are: red blood cells – which carry oxygen around the body. white blood cells – which help fight infection.

Detailed explanation-4: -from bone marrow – where a procedure is carried out to remove a sample of bone marrow from the hip bone. from cord blood – where donated blood from the placenta and umbilical cord of a newborn baby is used as the source of stem cells (find out more about cord blood on the NHS Blood and Transplant website)

Detailed explanation-5: -Stem cells originate from two main sources: adult body tissues and embryos. Scientists are also working on ways to develop stem cells from other cells, using genetic “reprogramming” techniques.