EVERYDAY SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -In plants, water enters the root cells by osmosis and moves into tubes called xylem vessels to be transported to the leaves. Water molecules inside the xylem cells are strongly attracted to each other because of hydrogen bonding (this is called cohesion).

Detailed explanation-2: -It is a process by which plants maintain their water content despite the constant water loss due to transpiration. This process controls the cell to cell diffusion of water. Osmosis induces cell turgor which regulates the movement of plants and plant parts. Osmosis also controls the dehiscence of fruits and sporangia.

Detailed explanation-3: -Water moves by osmosis, which is a type of diffusion, into and out of the cell. Through the cell membrane, water molecules flow through osmosis from a lower solute concentration to a higher solute concentration. Water can therefore travel because of a concentration gradient without using any energy.

Detailed explanation-4: -Plants absorb water from the soil by osmosis. Root hair cells are adapted for this by having a large surface area to speed up osmosis. The absorbed water is transported through the roots to the rest of the plant where it is used for different purposes: It is a reactant used in photosynthesis.

Detailed explanation-5: -Water moves into and out of cells by osmosis. If a cell is in a hypertonic solution, the solution has a lower water concentration than the cell cytosol, and water moves out of the cell until both solutions are isotonic.