EVERYDAY SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -Mitochondria are membrane-bound cell organelles (mitochondrion, singular) that generate most of the chemical energy needed to power the cell’s biochemical reactions. Chemical energy produced by the mitochondria is stored in a small molecule called adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

Detailed explanation-2: -A mitochondrion is a round to oval-shaped organelle found in the cells of almost all eukaryotic organisms. It produces energy, known as ATP, for the cell through a series of chemical reactions.

Detailed explanation-3: -In a eukaryotic cell, biochemical activities are compartmentalized in small subcellular compartments call organelles. ATP, the energy currency of the cell, is made in an organelle called the “mitochondrium” (pl. “mitochondria").

Detailed explanation-4: -Most of the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesized during glucose metabolism is produced in the mitochondria through oxidative phosphorylation. This is a complex reaction powered by the proton gradient across the mitochondrial inner membrane, which is generated by mitochondrial respiration.

Detailed explanation-5: -However, the majority of the reactions that produce ATP happen within the mitochondria (in eukaryotic cells; Figure 13.2. 1). During these reactions, electron carriers are created and oxygen pulls the electrons through an electron transport chain to create ATP, which powers cellular activity.