EVERYDAY SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -The two prokaryote domains, Bacteria and Archaea, split from each other early in the evolution of life. Bacteria are very diverse, ranging from disease-causing pathogens to beneficial photosynthesizers and symbionts. Archaea are also diverse, but none are pathogenic and many live in extreme environments.

Detailed explanation-2: -Archaea and bacteria are two different domains of cellular life. They are both prokaryotes, as they are unicellular and lack a nucleus.

Detailed explanation-3: -The composition of the cell wall differs significantly between the domains Bacteria and Archaea. Bacterial cell walls are composed of peptidoglycan, a complex of protein and sugars, while archaeal cell walls are composed of polysaccharides (sugars).

Detailed explanation-4: -Prokaryotes are divided into two domains because studies on the organisms determined that there are enough differences to place them into their own groups.

Detailed explanation-5: -Prokaryotes are divided into two distinct groups: the bacteria and the archaea, which scientists believe have unique evolutionary lineages. Most prokaryotes are small, single-celled organisms that have a relatively simple structure.