EVERYDAY SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -The ribosome is universally responsible for synthesizing proteins by translating the genetic code transcribed in mRNA into an amino acid sequence. Ribosomes use cellular accessory proteins, soluble transfer RNAs, and metabolic energy to accomplish the initiation, elongation, and termination of peptide synthesis.

Detailed explanation-2: -The Ribosome. Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

Detailed explanation-3: -Ribosomes are mainly found bound to the endoplasmic reticulum and the nuclear envelope, as well as freely scattered throughout the cytoplasm, depending upon whether the cell is plant, animal, or bacteria.

Detailed explanation-4: -The nucleus (plural, nuclei) houses the cell’s genetic material, or DNA, and is also the site of synthesis for ribosomes, the cellular machines that assemble proteins.

Detailed explanation-5: -The RER is associated with many roles in protein synthesis, which also include post-translational modifications, folding, and sorting. Membrane-bound ribosomes in the RER translate the mature mRNA transcript into amino acids that are attached to become polypeptides.