EVERYDAY SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -Denaturation of proteins is a process of transition from a folded to an unfolded state. It happens in cooking, burns, proteinopathies, and other contexts. The duration of the folding process varies dramatically depending on the protein of interest.

Detailed explanation-2: -During protein unfolding, the force exerted by the cantilever is transmitted along the backbone into the membrane protein. The latter is stabilized in its conformation by the interplay between local forces, which in their complexity are represented by the potential energy landscape.

Detailed explanation-3: -During the denaturation of proteins, the secondary and tertiary structures get destroyed and only the primary structure is retained. Covalent bonds are broken and interaction between amino-acid chains gets disrupted. This results in the loss of biological activity of the proteins.

Detailed explanation-4: -The secondary and tertiary structure of a protein can be disrupted by heating, by pH changes, by high concentrations of substances such as urea or by reducing agents that break the disulphide bonds. The process is calleddenaturation, and it destroys the protein’s biological activity.

Detailed explanation-5: -Extreme temperatures affect the stability of Proteins and cause them to unfold or denature. Similarly, extreme pH, mechanical forces and chemical denaturants can denature Proteins. During denaturation, Proteins lose their tertiary and secondary structures and become a random coil.